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Tech Stack Fingerprinting

Identify the backend tech before wordlist fuzzing: knowing it’s PHP vs. ASP.NET changes which extensions and paths you prioritize.

ffuf

Flexible and fast: use it for directories, files, vhosts, and parameter fuzzing. Always set -fs or -fw to filter out the noise.

CeWL

Crawls a target site and generates a wordlist from the words it finds. More effective than generic wordlists for password spraying and cracking on targets with unique terminology (product names, internal jargon, project names).
Combine with a base wordlist before cracking or spraying:

gobuster

Good alternative to ffuf for directory and DNS enumeration: simpler syntax when you don’t need response filtering.

feroxbuster

Recursively busts directories automatically: useful when you expect deep nested paths and don’t want to re-run manually.